RANSOMware
As RANSOM payment is associated with kidnapping today, ransom payment has evolved in the cyberspace with attackers using RANSOMware for their leverage. The user is presented with a message explaining that their files are now inaccessible and will only be decrypted if the victim sends an untraceable Bitcoin payment to the attacker.
In some forms of malware, the attacker might claim to be a law enforcement agency shutting down the victim's computer due to the presence of pornography or pirated software on it, and demanding the payment of a "fine," perhaps to make victims less likely to report the attack to authorities. There is also a variation, called LEAKware or DOXware, in which the attacker threatens to publicize sensitive data on the victim's hard drive unless a ransom is paid.